JAK2 Phosphorylation Signals and Their Associated Cytokines Involved in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps and Correlated with Disease Severity.

Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) is a member of the JAK family that transduces cytokine-mediated signals via the JAKs/STATs (signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins) pathway, which plays an important role in many inflammatory diseases. This study investigates the association of p-JAK2 and JAK2-associated cytokines from nasal polyp (NP) tissue with disease severity, and evaluates the p-JAK2-mediated STATs in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with NP. Sixty-one CRSwNP patients with nasal polyps undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery were enrolled, while the turbinate tissues from 26 nasal obstruction patients were examined as the control group. Elevated levels of p-JAK2 were detected in CRSwNP, and significantly correlated with scores of disease severity (LMK-CT, TPS, and SNOT-22). Expressions of the JAK2-associated cytokines, such as IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, G-CSF, and IFN-γ were significantly higher in CRSwNP than in the controls, while the levels of IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, or G-CSF had positive correlation with scores of disease severity. Moreover, markedly increased expression of p-STAT3 in CRSwNP was observed relative to the control. Taken together, these data showed that the JAK2-associated cytokines including IL-6 and G-CSF may stimulate JAK2 phosphorylation to activate p-STAT3, indicating an association with disease severity and supporting its development of JAK2 inhibitor as a potential therapeutic agent for CRS.