Covalent Amide-Bonded Nanoflares for High-Fidelity Intracellular Sensing and Targeted Therapy: A Superstable Nanosystem Free of Nonspecific Interferences.
Jiling ZhangLiangwei LuZhi-Ling SongWenjuan SongZhuolin FuQiqi ChaoGao-Chao FanZhuo ChenXi-Liang LuoPublished in: Analytical chemistry (2021)
A nanoflare, a conjugate of Au nanoparticles (NPs) and fluorescent nucleic acids, is believed to be a powerful nanoplatform for diagnosis and therapy. However, it highly suffers from the nonspecific detachment of nucleic acids from the AuNP surface because of the poor stability of Au-S linkages, thereby leading to the false-positive signal and serious side effects. To address these challenges, we report the use of covalent amide linkage and functional Au@graphene (AuG) NP to fabricate a covalent conjugate system of DNA and AuG NP, label-rcDNA-AuG. Covalent coating of abundant amino groups (-NH2) onto the graphitic shell of AuG NP efficiently facilitates the coupling with carboxyl-labeled capture DNA sequences through simple, but strong, amide bonds. Importantly, such an amide-bonded nanoflare possesses excellent stability and anti-interference capability against the biological agents (nuclease, DNA, glutathione (GSH), etc.). By accurately monitoring the intracellular miR-21 levels, this covalent nanoflare is able to identify the positive cancer cells even in a mix of cancer and normal cells. Moreover, it allows for efficient photodynamic therapy of the targeted cancer cells with minimized side effects on normal cells. This work provides a facile approach to develop a superstable nanosystem showing promising potential in clinical diagnostics and therapy.
Keyphrases
- photodynamic therapy
- induced apoptosis
- circulating tumor
- cancer therapy
- cell free
- sensitive detection
- reduced graphene oxide
- single molecule
- cell cycle arrest
- quantum dots
- room temperature
- cell proliferation
- long non coding rna
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- squamous cell carcinoma
- papillary thyroid
- risk assessment
- drug delivery
- gene expression
- mesenchymal stem cells
- stem cells
- living cells
- hiv infected
- gold nanoparticles
- fluorescent probe
- hiv testing
- circulating tumor cells
- dna methylation
- men who have sex with men
- lymph node metastasis
- childhood cancer
- highly efficient