Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Osteoporosis.
Ivan V ZhivodernikovTatiana V KirichenkoYuliya V MarkinaAnton Y PostnovAlexander M MarkinPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2023)
Osteoporosis is a widespread systemic disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and an imbalance of the microarchitecture of bone tissue. Experimental and clinical studies devoted to investigating the main pathogenetic mechanisms of osteoporosis revealed the important role of estrogen deficiency, inflammation, oxidative stress, cellular senescence, and epigenetic factors in the development of bone resorption due to osteoclastogenesis, and decreased mineralization of bone tissue and bone formation due to reduced function of osteoblasts caused by apoptosis and age-depended differentiation of osteoblast precursors into adipocytes. The current review was conducted to describe the basic mechanisms of the development of osteoporosis at molecular and cellular levels and to elucidate the most promising therapeutic strategies of pathogenetic therapy of osteoporosis based on articles cited in PubMed up to September 2023.
Keyphrases
- bone mineral density
- postmenopausal women
- oxidative stress
- body composition
- bone loss
- dna damage
- bone regeneration
- gene expression
- dna methylation
- type diabetes
- soft tissue
- stem cells
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- cell death
- diabetic rats
- metabolic syndrome
- bone marrow
- endothelial cells
- replacement therapy
- heat stress
- heat shock protein