Overcoming Therapy Resistance in Colon Cancer by Drug Repurposing.
Amin H NassarMarcel YibirinDiana De Oliveira-GomesMarc MachaalaniRashad NawfalGianfranco BittarHisham F BahmadNizar BitarPublished in: Cancers (2022)
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world. Despite improvement in standardized screening methods and the development of promising therapies, the 5-year survival rates are as low as 10% in the metastatic setting. The increasing life expectancy of the general population, higher rates of obesity, poor diet, and comorbidities contribute to the increasing trends in incidence. Drug repurposing offers an affordable solution to achieve new indications for previously approved drugs that could play a protagonist or adjuvant role in the treatment of CRC with the advantage of treating underlying comorbidities and decreasing chemotherapy toxicity. This review elaborates on the current data that supports drug repurposing as a feasible option for patients with CRC with a focus on the evidence and mechanism of action promising repurposed candidates that are widely used, including but not limited to anti-malarial, anti-helminthic, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti-diabetic agents.
Keyphrases
- type diabetes
- squamous cell carcinoma
- anti inflammatory
- metabolic syndrome
- blood pressure
- oxidative stress
- early stage
- insulin resistance
- radiation therapy
- papillary thyroid
- machine learning
- adverse drug
- body mass index
- mesenchymal stem cells
- electronic health record
- weight gain
- combination therapy
- artificial intelligence
- free survival