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Trace detection of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein by diamond solution-gate field-effect transistor.

Qianwen ZhangMinghui ZhangYuxiang DuBangqiang XuGenqiang ChenShi HeDan ZhangQi LiHong-Xing Wang
Published in: Diamond and related materials (2023)
In this study, we introduced H-terminated diamond solution-gate field-effect transistor (H-diamond SGFET) to detect trace SARS-CoV-2 N-protein, which plays an important role in replication and transcription of viral RNA. 1-Pyrenebutyric acid-N-hydroxy succinimide ester (Pyr-NHS) was modified on H-diamond surface as linker, on which the specific antibody of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein was catenated. Fourier transform infrared spectrum, scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrum were utilized to demonstrate the modification of H-diamond with Pyr-NHS and antibody. Shifts of I DS(max) at V GS  = -500 mV in transfer characteristics of H-diamond SGFET was observed to determine N-protein concentration in phosphate buffer solution. Good linear relationship between I DS(max) and log 10 (N-protein) was observed from 10 -14 to 10 -5  g/mL with goodness of fit R 2  = 0.90 and sensitivity of 1.98 μA/Log 10 [concentration of N-protein] at V DS  = -500 mV, V GS  = -500 mV. Consequently, this prepared H-diamond SGFET biosensor may provide a new idea for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 due to a wide detection range from 10 -14 to 10 -5  g/mL and low limit of detection 10 -14  g/mL.
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