Management of Adverse Reactions for BCMA-Directed Therapy in Relapsed Multiple Myeloma: A Focused Review.
Razwana KhanamBeth FaimanSaba BatoolMohammed Musa NajmuddinRana Muhammad UsmanKiran KuriakoseArooj AhmedMohammad Ebad Ur RehmanZinath RoksanaZain SyedFaiz AnwarShahzad RazaPublished in: Journal of clinical medicine (2023)
Anti-B-cell maturation antigen therapies consisting of bispecific antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, and chimeric antigen receptor T cells have shown promising results in relapsed refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). However, the severe side effects include cytokine release syndrome, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, cytopenia(s), infections, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and organ toxicity, which could sometimes be life-threatening. This review focuses on these most common complications post-BCMA therapy. We discussed the risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical features associated with these complications, and how to prevent and treat them. We included four original studies for this focused review. All four agents (idecabtagene vicleucel, ciltacabtagene autoleucel, teclistamab, belantamab mafodotin) have received FDA approval for adult RRMM patients. We went through the FDA access data packages of the approved agents to outline stepwise management of the complications for better patient outcomes.
Keyphrases
- multiple myeloma
- risk factors
- end stage renal disease
- acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- acute myeloid leukemia
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- diffuse large b cell lymphoma
- chronic kidney disease
- oxidative stress
- case report
- hodgkin lymphoma
- stem cells
- cell therapy
- emergency department
- single cell
- dendritic cells
- peritoneal dialysis
- prognostic factors
- big data
- machine learning
- regulatory t cells
- immune response
- drug delivery
- drug administration
- drug induced
- patient reported
- childhood cancer