The inhibitory effects of toothpaste and mouthwash ingredients on the interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and ACE2, and the protease activity of TMPRSS2 in vitro.
Riho Tateyama-MakinoMari Abe-YutoriTaku IwamotoKota TsutsumiMotonori TsujiSatoru MorishitaKei KuritaYukio YamamotoEiji NishinagaKeiichi TsukinokiPublished in: PloS one (2021)
SARS-CoV-2 enters host cells when the viral spike protein is cleaved by transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) after binding to the host angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Since ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are expressed in the tongue and gingival mucosa, the oral cavity is a potential entry point for SARS-CoV-2. This study evaluated the inhibitory effects of general ingredients of toothpastes and mouthwashes on the spike protein-ACE2 interaction and the TMPRSS2 protease activity using an in vitro assay. Both assays detected inhibitory effects of sodium tetradecene sulfonate, sodium N-lauroyl-N-methyltaurate, sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and copper gluconate. Molecular docking simulations suggested that these ingredients could bind to inhibitor-binding site of ACE2. Furthermore, tranexamic acid exerted inhibitory effects on TMPRSS2 protease activity. Our findings suggest that these toothpaste and mouthwash ingredients could help prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Keyphrases
- angiotensin converting enzyme
- sars cov
- angiotensin ii
- respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- molecular docking
- protein protein
- induced apoptosis
- molecular dynamics simulations
- binding protein
- molecular dynamics
- oxidative stress
- small molecule
- risk assessment
- cell proliferation
- signaling pathway
- cell cycle arrest
- protein kinase
- single cell
- oxide nanoparticles