Doublet Open-Shell Graphene Fragments.

Recent advances in neutral delocalized radical species based on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with fused hexagonal rings, herein defined as doublet open-shell graphene fragments, are summarized in this review. A few simple yet useful theoretical approaches for structural analysis and molecular design were introduced at first. Then, based on the number of fused hexagonal rings, molecular systems with different size, symmetry and edge structure were discussed with emphasis on those isolated in the crystalline form. Their unique self-association behavior, chemical reactivity and physical properties were summarized and discussed, and insights on their functions and potential applications were provided.