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Toker cell hyperplasia in Zuska disease: A tricky association.

Juan Torre-CastroLara Haya-MartínezBelen Ruffin-VicenteCristina Moya-MartínezLucía Núñez-HipólitoJavier Díaz de la PintaDaniella Cullen-AravenaMargarita Jo-VelascoLuis Requena
Published in: Journal of cutaneous pathology (2020)
Toker cells (TCs) are sometimes present in the nipple epidermis as oval cells with pale cytoplasm and roundish nuclei. In most cases, TCs may be easily distinguished from cancerous cells of Paget disease of the nipple (PCs). Especially in TC hyperplasia, in which mild-to-moderate atypia may be present, it may be challenging to distinguish between TCs and PCs. The combination of chronic inflammatory changes in the nipple, in the context of Zuska disease, and TC hyperplasia, may easily lead to an erroneous diagnosis of mammary Paget disease.
Keyphrases
  • induced apoptosis
  • cell cycle arrest
  • endoplasmic reticulum stress
  • signaling pathway
  • cell death
  • mesenchymal stem cells
  • cell proliferation
  • breast reconstruction