Increased robustness in reference region model analysis of DCE MRI using two-step constrained approaches.

These findings indicate that the two-step fitting approach of the CRRM can reduce the variability of perfusion estimates for quantifying perfusion with dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI. Magn Reson Med 78:1547-1557, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.