Morphology of intervertebral disc ruptures evaluated by vacuum phenomenon using multi-detector computed tomography: association with lumbar disc degeneration and canal stenosis.

This is the first study to analyze the morphology of IVD rupture evaluated by the presence of intradiscal VPs using CT imaging. This classification can comprehensively present the shape and axial distribution of VPs within IVDs. Intradiscal VPs are associated with the progression of disc degeneration and lumbar spinal stenosis.