Quantification of adsorbed and dangling citrate ions on gold nanoparticle surface using thermogravimetric analysis.

A novel approach involving thermo-gravimetricanalysis (TGA) for the quantification of citrate ions present on the surface of gold nanoparticles has been reported. TGA study was carried out on AuNPs in response to parameters such as concentration of tri-sodium citrate and pH of gold nanoparticles depicting that the number of citrate ion present on gold nanoparticles is highly pH dependent. In general, the citrate ions were observed to be higher in alkaline conditions contradicting earlier beliefs. These results also underline the significance of TGA as a novel tool for quantification of citrate molecules present on gold nanoparticle surface. Thus, the present approach not only provides with an insight into mechanistic details of gold nanoparticle synthesis but also opens the usage of TGA for understanding the nano range association of molecules.