Salt-inducible kinases (SIKs) regulate TGFβ-mediated transcriptional and apoptotic responses.
Luke D HutchinsonNicola J DarlingStephanos NicolaouIlaria GoriDaniel R SquairPhilip CohenCaroline S HillGopal P SapkotaPublished in: Cell death & disease (2020)
The signalling pathways initiated by members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) family of cytokines control many metazoan cellular processes, including proliferation and differentiation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and apoptosis. TGFβ signalling is therefore strictly regulated to ensure appropriate context-dependent physiological responses. In an attempt to identify novel regulatory components of the TGFβ signalling pathway, we performed a pharmacological screen by using a cell line engineered to report the endogenous transcription of the TGFβ-responsive target gene PAI-1. The screen revealed that small molecule inhibitors of salt-inducible kinases (SIKs) attenuate TGFβ-mediated transcription of PAI-1 without affecting receptor-mediated SMAD phosphorylation, SMAD complex formation or nuclear translocation. We provide evidence that genetic inactivation of SIK isoforms also attenuates TGFβ-dependent transcriptional responses. Pharmacological inhibition of SIKs by using multiple small-molecule inhibitors potentiated apoptotic cell death induced by TGFβ stimulation. Our data therefore provide evidence for a novel function of SIKs in modulating TGFβ-mediated transcriptional and cellular responses.
Keyphrases
- transforming growth factor
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- cell death
- small molecule
- signaling pathway
- transcription factor
- gene expression
- high throughput
- genome wide
- cell cycle arrest
- machine learning
- oxidative stress
- drug delivery
- cancer therapy
- cell proliferation
- dna methylation
- protein protein
- single cell
- heat stress
- heat shock protein