Targeting pain in the long-term treatment of cervical dystonia with botulinum toxin A.

Michał Marciniec Anna Szczepańska-Szerej Ewa Papuć Konrad Rejdak

Published in: The International journal of neuroscience (2020)

The presence of cervical pain in CD may increase the severity of muscular symptoms and disease-related disability. BoNT has a noticeable antinociceptive effect in the long-term treatment of CD.

Keyphrases

chronic pain
botulinum toxin
pain management
neuropathic pain
multiple sclerosis
early onset
spinal cord injury
depressive symptoms
combination therapy
deep brain stimulation
cancer therapy
resistance training
replacement therapy
smoking cessation
high intensity