Gut Molecules in Cardiometabolic Diseases: The Mechanisms behind the Story.
Andreea Ioana InceuMaria-Adriana NeagAnca-Elena CraciunAnca Dana BuzoianuPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2023)
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diabetes mellitus increases cardiovascular risk. Heart failure and atrial fibrillation are associated comorbidities that share the main cardiovascular risk factors. The use of incretin-based therapies promoted the idea that activation of alternative signaling pathways is effective in reducing the risk of atherosclerosis and heart failure. Gut-derived molecules, gut hormones, and gut microbiota metabolites showed both positive and detrimental effects in cardiometabolic disorders. Although inflammation plays a key role in cardiometabolic disorders, additional intracellular signaling pathways are involved and could explain the observed effects. Revealing the involved molecular mechanisms could provide novel therapeutic strategies and a better understanding of the relationship between the gut, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases.
Keyphrases
- cardiovascular disease
- cardiovascular risk factors
- heart failure
- metabolic syndrome
- atrial fibrillation
- signaling pathway
- left ventricular
- type diabetes
- cardiovascular events
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- ms ms
- coronary artery disease
- uric acid
- left atrial appendage
- acute heart failure
- adipose tissue
- venous thromboembolism
- direct oral anticoagulants