In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Properties and Bioaccessibility after Oral Digestion of Chemically Characterized Extracts Obtained from Cistus × incanus L., Scutellaria lateriflora L., and Their Combination.
Hammad UllahAlessandro Di MinnoAnna De FilippisEduardo SommellaDaniele Giuseppe BuccatoLorenza Francesca De LellisHesham R El-SeediShaden A M KhalifaRoberto PiccinocchiMassimiliano GaldieroPietro CampigliaMaria DagliaPublished in: Foods (Basel, Switzerland) (2023)
Periodontal diseases are oral inflammatory diseases ranging from gingivitis to chronic periodontitis. Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the major pathogens responsible for severe and chronic periodontitis. Plant extracts with antimicrobial activity could be considered possible alternatives to chlorhexidine, an antiseptic substance used in oral hygiene thatcan cause bacteria resistance. Here, two commercial extracts obtained from Cistus × incanus L. and Scutellaria lateriflora L. were chemically characterized usingUltra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with a Q-Exactive Hybrid Quadrupole Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer. The extracts were studied for their bioaccessibility after simulated in vitro oral digestion, their antimicrobial activity against P. gingivalis , their protective effects against cellular invasion by P. gingivalis , and their antibiofilm activity. The extracts were found to contain very complex mixtures of polyphenols, which were quite stable after in vitro simulated oral digestion and demonstrated mild, dose-dependent inhibitory activity against P. gingivalis growth. This activity increased with the combination of the two extracts. Moreover, the combination of the extracts induced a reduction in P. gingivalis HaCaT invasiveness, and the reduction in biofilm came to around 80%. In conclusion, a combination of C. incanus and S. lateriflora showed promising effects useful in the treatment of gingivitis.
Keyphrases
- high performance liquid chromatography
- tandem mass spectrometry
- mass spectrometry
- ultra high performance liquid chromatography
- simultaneous determination
- high resolution
- liquid chromatography
- staphylococcus aureus
- ms ms
- oxidative stress
- drug induced
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- multidrug resistant
- candida albicans
- early onset
- risk assessment
- endothelial cells
- high resolution mass spectrometry
- anaerobic digestion
- escherichia coli
- smoking cessation
- cell migration