Ultrasound-Driven Bioadhesive Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Instant Wound Sealing and Electrically Accelerated Healing in Emergencies.

In this work, we design a bioadhesive triboelectric nanogenerator (BA-TENG) as a first-aid rescue for instant and robust wound sealing, and ultrasound-driven accelerated wound healing. This BA-TENG is fabricated with biocompatible materials, and integrates a flexible TENG as the top layer and bioadhesive as the bottom layer, resulting in effective electricity supply and strong sutureless sealing capability on wet tissues. When driven by ultrasound, BA-TENG can produce stable voltage of 1.50 V and current of 24.20 μA underwater. The ex vivo porcine colon organ models showed that BA-TENG sealed defects instantly (∼ 5 s) with high interfacial toughness (∼ 150 J m -2 ), while the rat bleeding liver incision model confirmed that BA-TENG performed rapid wound closure and hemostasis, reducing the blood loss by 82%. When applied in living rats, BA-TENG not only sealed skin injuries immediately but also produced a strong electric field (E-field) of about 0.86 kV m -1 stimulated by ultrasound to accelerate skin wound healing significantly. The in vitro studies confirmed that these effects were attributed to the E-field-accelerated cell migration and proliferation. In addition, these TENG adhesives could be applied to not only wound treatment, nerve stimulation and regeneration, and charging batteries in implanted devices. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.