How defective spermatogenesis affects sperm DNA integrity.
Manish KuchakullaManish NarasimmanKajal KhodamoradiZahra KhosravizadehRanjith RamasamyPublished in: Andrologia (2020)
Spermatogenesis is the essential process to maintain and promote male fertility. It is extraordinarily complex with many regulatory elements and numerous steps. The process involves several cell types, regulatory molecules, repair mechanisms and epigenetic regulators. Evidence has shown that fertility can be negatively impacted by reduced sperm DNA integrity. Sources of sperm DNA damage include replication errors and causes of DNA fragmentation which include abortive apoptosis, defective maturation and oxidative stress. This review outlines the process of spermatogenesis, spermatogonial regulation and sperm differentiation; additionally, DNA damage and currently studied DNA repair mechanisms in spermatozoon are also covered.
Keyphrases
- dna damage
- dna repair
- oxidative stress
- circulating tumor
- cell free
- single molecule
- transcription factor
- dna damage response
- diabetic rats
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- dna methylation
- cell death
- single cell
- emergency department
- nucleic acid
- circulating tumor cells
- patient safety
- cell therapy
- drinking water
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- cell cycle arrest
- adverse drug