Modulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system by phytochemicals: Therapeutic implications in malignancies with an emphasis on brain tumors.
Mehdi SanatiAmir R AfshariSeyed Sajad AhmadiSeyed Adel MoallemAmir Hossein SahebkarPublished in: BioFactors (Oxford, England) (2023)
Regarding the multimechanistic nature of cancers, current chemo- or radiotherapies often fail to eradicate disease pathology, and frequent relapses or resistance to therapies occur. Brain malignancies, particularly glioblastomas, are difficult-to-treat cancers due to their highly malignant and multidimensional biology. Unfortunately, patients suffering from malignant tumors often experience poor prognoses and short survival periods. Thus far, significant efforts have been conducted to discover novel and more effective modalities. To that end, modulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) has attracted tremendous interest since it affects the homeostasis of proteins critically engaged in various cell functions, for example, cell metabolism, survival, proliferation, and differentiation. With their safe and multimodal actions, phytochemicals are among the promising therapeutic tools capable of turning the operation of various UPS elements. The present review, along with an updated outline of the role of UPS dysregulation in multiple cancers, provided a detailed discussion on the impact of phytochemicals on the UPS function in malignancies, especially brain tumors.
Keyphrases
- end stage renal disease
- single cell
- cell therapy
- small molecule
- newly diagnosed
- chronic kidney disease
- ejection fraction
- prognostic factors
- signaling pathway
- squamous cell carcinoma
- free survival
- pain management
- stem cells
- chronic pain
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- mesenchymal stem cells
- brain injury
- resting state
- radiation therapy
- drug delivery
- cerebral ischemia
- blood brain barrier