ETDRS panretinal photocoagulation combined with intravitreal ranibizumab versus PASCAL panretinal photocoagulation with intravitreal ranibizumab versus intravitreal ranibizumab alone for the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Intravitreal injection alone or combined with single- or multiple-spot panretinal photocoagulation yielded similar outcomes with respect to mean change in best-corrected visual acuity, central subfield macular thickness, and fluorescein leakage from active neovascularization at up to one-year of follow-up. All subjects provided written informed consent to participate (NCT02005432 in clinicaltrials.gov).