Exploring the properties of theVB-defect in hBN: optical spin polarization, Rabi oscillations, and coherent nuclei modulation.

Optically active point defects in semiconductors have received great attention in the field of solid-state quantum technologies. Hexagonal boron nitride, with an ultra-wide band gapEg= 6 eV, containing a negatively charged boron vacancy (VB-) with unique spin, optical, and coherent properties presents a new two-dimensional platform for the implementation of quantum technologies. This work establishes the value ofVB-spin polarization under optical pumping with λ ext = 532 nm laser using high-frequency ( ν mw = 94 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. In optimal conditions polarization was found to be P ≈ 38.4%. Our study reveals that Rabi oscillations induced on polarized spin states persist for up to 30-40 μ s, which is nearly two orders of magnitude longer than what was previously reported. Analysis of the coherent electron-nuclear interaction through the observed electron spin echo envelope modulation made it possible to detect signals from remote nitrogen and boron nuclei, and to establish a corresponding quadrupole coupling constant C q = 180 kHz related to nuclear quadrupole moment of 14 N. These results have fundamental importance for understanding the spin properties of boron vacancy.