Epidemiological study of congenital malformations of the vertebral column in French bulldogs, English bulldogs and pugs.
Felix LackmannFranck ForterreLeo BrunnbergShenja LoderstedtPublished in: The Veterinary record (2021)
Kyphotic Cobb angle and vertebral step are radiological findings associated with neurological deficits. We propose severe tail malformation as an easy and accurate selection factor for determining breeding dogs.