The relationships between pain-associated psychological distress, pain intensity, patient expectations and physical function in individuals with musculoskeletal pain: a retrospective cohort study.

These findings support the theory that the pain experience is complex and multiple factors should be considered when evaluating a patient with musculoskeletal pain. Clinicians who have identified PAPD may consider these relationships when planning or modifying interventions and pursuing multidisciplinary collaboration. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.