Clustering of motor and nonmotor traits in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 G2019S Parkinson's disease nonparkinsonian relatives: A multicenter family study.
Tiago A MestreClaustre Pont-SunyerFarah KausarNaomi P VisanjiTaneera GhateBarbara S ConnollyCarmen Gasca-SalasDrew S KernJennifer JainElizabeth J SlowAchinoam Faust-SocherMeike KastenPettarusp M WadiaCindy ZadikoffPrakash KumarRonald M de BieTeri ThomsenAnthony E LangBirgitt SchüleChristine KleinEduardo TolosaConnie MarrasPublished in: Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society (2018)
A set of motor and nonmotor features distinguishes first-degree relatives of LRRK2 G2019S probands, regardless of mutation status, from unrelated healthy controls. Environmental or non-LRRK2 genetic factors in LRRK2-associated PD may influence penetrance of the LRRK2 G2019S mutation. The relationship of these features to actual PD risk requires longitudinal observation of LRRK2 familial PD cohorts. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.