Multifunctional photon conversion materials for enhancing silicon solar cells.

A type of multifunctional erbium (Er 3+ ) and ytterbium (Yb 3+ ) codoped NaY(WO 4 ) 2 phosphors, with simultaneous photon upconversion, photon quantum cutting, and luminescence ratiometric temperature sensing abilities, have been developed, opening up new possibilities for high-performance silicon solar cells.