Between life and death: strategies to reduce phototoxicity in super-resolution microscopy.
Kalina L ToshevaYue YuanPedro Matos PereiraSiân CulleyRicardo HenriquesPublished in: Journal of physics D: Applied physics (2020)
Super-resolution microscopy (SRM) enables non-invasive, molecule-specific imaging of the internal structure and dynamics of cells with sub-diffraction limit spatial resolution. One of its major limitations is the requirement for high-intensity illumination, generating considerable cellular phototoxicity. This factor considerably limits the capacity for live-cell observations, particularly for extended periods of time. Here, we give an overview of new developments in hardware, software and probe chemistry aiming to reduce phototoxicity. Additionally, we discuss how the choice of biological model and sample environment impacts the capacity for live-cell observations.
Keyphrases
- high intensity
- high resolution
- single molecule
- induced apoptosis
- living cells
- high speed
- resistance training
- high throughput
- optical coherence tomography
- cell cycle arrest
- label free
- quantum dots
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- oxidative stress
- signaling pathway
- crystal structure
- cell death
- pi k akt
- decision making
- photodynamic therapy
- data analysis
- fluorescent probe
- single cell