Proanthocyanidins Antagonize Arsenic-Induced Oxidative Damage and Promote Arsenic Methylation through Activation of the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway.

GSPE activates the Nrf2 signaling pathway to antagonize As-induced oxidative damage and to promote As methylation metabolism. Therefore, GSPE may be a potential agent for relieving As-induced hepatotoxicity.