Disentangling the relationships of body mass index and circulating sex hormone concentrations in mammographic density using Mendelian randomization.
Cameron B HaasHongjie ChenTabitha HarrisonShaoqi FanManuela Gago-DominguezJose E CastelaoManjeet K BollaQin WangJoe DennisKyriaki MichailidouAlison M DunningDouglas F EastonAntonis C AntoniouPer HallKamila CzeneIrene L AndrulisAnna Marie MulliganRoger L MilnePeter A FaschingLothar HaeberleMontserrat Garcia-ClosasThomas AhearnGretchen L GierachChristopher HaimanGertraud MaskarinecFergus J CouchJanet E OlsonEsther M JohnGeogia Chenevix-TrenchAmy Berrington de GonzalezMichael JonesJennifer StoneRachel MurphyKristan J AronsonKaren J WernliLi HsuCeline VachonRulla M TamimiSara LindströmPublished in: Breast cancer research and treatment (2024)
Our findings support a positive causal association between BMI and mammographic non-dense area and an inverse association between BMI and dense area. Evidence was weaker and inconsistent for a causal effect of circulating sex hormone concentrations on mammographic density phenotypes. Based on our findings, associations between circulating sex hormone concentrations and mammographic density phenotypes are weak at best.