Insulin Resistance and Diabetes Mellitus in Alzheimer's Disease.
Jesús BurilloPatricia MarquésBeatriz JiménezCarlos González-BlancoManuel BenitoCarlos GuillénPublished in: Cells (2021)
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a progressive disease that is characterized by the appearance of insulin resistance. The term insulin resistance is very wide and could affect different proteins involved in insulin signaling, as well as other mechanisms. In this review, we have analyzed the main molecular mechanisms that could be involved in the connection between type 2 diabetes and neurodegeneration, in general, and more specifically with the appearance of Alzheimer's disease. We have studied, in more detail, the different processes involved, such as inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Keyphrases
- insulin resistance
- type diabetes
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- glycemic control
- adipose tissue
- high fat diet
- metabolic syndrome
- induced apoptosis
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- oxidative stress
- skeletal muscle
- multiple sclerosis
- cell death
- cardiovascular disease
- signaling pathway
- cognitive decline
- preterm infants
- cardiovascular risk factors