Deep brain stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle for treatment-resistant depression - a narrative literature review.

The current clinical data of MFB DBS are limited by small sample size and the small number of clinical open-label trials. There is an urgent need for more clinical trials targeting the MFB for TRD. The results obtained in these studies showed a very rapid antidepressant effect observed within one week after the start of stimulation. MFB DBS for TRD should be considered as a last resort treatment due to its invasive character. However, this treatment may be a promising alternative for TRD patients.