Antiacne and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Phenolic Compounds from Quercus acutissima Carruth. Leaves.

Quercus plants are widely distributed in Korea and have been used for their antiallergic and anti-inflammatory properties to treat dermatitis. The phenolic compounds of Quercus acutissima Carruth (QA) are estimated to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, based on the results of previous studies with Quercus mongilica , Quercus stenophylla , Quercus gilva Blame., and Quercus acuta Thunb. We yield QA extract and the isolated phenolic compounds (hyperoside ( 1 ), astragalin ( 2 ), kaempferol 3-O-(6″- galloyl)- β -D-glucopyranoside (KGG) ( 3 ), quercetin 3-O-(6″-O-galloyl)- β -D-glucopyranoside (QGG) ( 4 ), pedunculagin ( 5 ), and casuarinin ( 6 )) and were identified using NMR. Among them, KGG ( 3 ) and QGG ( 4 ) were isolated for the first time from QA. QA extract and the isolated phenolic compounds demonstrated antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiacne activities in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells in vitro. 3 - 6 demonstrated strong inhibitory activities in the DPPH scavenging and NO production assay and anti-inflammatory and antiacne activities through western blotting (NLRP3, IL-1 β, and 5 α -reductase). The most outstanding activity in all experiments was casuarinin ( 6 ). The study findings suggest potential therapeutic candidates for acne.