Prevalence of axis II comorbidities in bipolar disorder: relationship to mood state.

Robert M PostGabriele S LeverichSusan McElroyRalph KupkaTrisha SuppesLori AltshulerWillem NolenMark FryePaul KeckHeinz GrunzeGerhard Hellemann

Published in: Bipolar disorders (2018)

A wide range of personality disorders occur in bipolar patients, but are highly dependent on filling out the form while depressed compared to while euthymic. How this relates to having a personality disorder assessed using a structured clinical interview remains to be tested. However, higher PDQ4 scores are related to an earlier age of onset of bipolar disorder and other factors portending a more difficult course of bipolar disorder, and the optimal treatment of these patients remains to be illuminated.

Keyphrases

bipolar disorder
major depressive disorder
end stage renal disease
newly diagnosed
ejection fraction
chronic kidney disease
peritoneal dialysis
risk factors
patient reported
drug induced
sleep quality