Toxicity of Bioactive Molecule Andrographolide against Spodoptera litura Fab and Its Binding Potential with Detoxifying Enzyme Cytochrome P450.
Edward-Sam EdwinVasantha-Srinivasan PrabhakaranSengottayan Senthil-NathanMuthiah ChellappandianSengodan KarthiNarayanaswamy RadhakrishnanVethamonickam Stanley-RajaHaridoss SivaneshRamakrishnan RamasubramanianAsma A Al-HuqailFaheema KhanPatcharin KrutmuangAhmed Abdel-MegeedAml GhaithChae-Hoon PaikPublished in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2021)
Spodoptera litura Fab. is a polyphagous pest causing damage to many agriculture crops leading to yield loss. Recurrent usage of synthetic pesticides to control this pest has resulted in resistance development. Plant-derived diterpenoid compound andrographolide was isolated from the leaves of Andrographis paniculata. It was analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy and quantified by HPLC. Nutritional indices and digestive enzymatic profile were evaluated. Third, fourth and fifth instar larvae were treated with different concentrations of andrographolide. At 3, 6 and 9 ppm-treated concentrations the larvae showed decreased RGR, RCR, ECI, ECD values with adverse increase in AD. The digestive enzymes were significantly inhibited when compared with control. Conspicuously, andrographolide showed pronounced mortality of S. litura by inhibition of enzyme secretion and intake of food. The binding ability of andrographolide with CYTP450 showed high affinity with low binding energy. Andrographolide has the potential to be exploited as a biocontrol agent against S. litura as an eco-friendly pesticide.
Keyphrases
- gas chromatography
- mass spectrometry
- tandem mass spectrometry
- risk assessment
- oxidative stress
- human health
- ms ms
- climate change
- dna binding
- cardiovascular events
- binding protein
- type diabetes
- high resolution mass spectrometry
- high resolution
- solid phase extraction
- simultaneous determination
- risk factors
- newly diagnosed
- drosophila melanogaster
- nitric oxide
- hydrogen peroxide
- cardiovascular disease
- transcription factor
- high performance liquid chromatography
- body mass index
- single molecule
- physical activity
- zika virus
- weight loss
- essential oil