Directed acyclic graphs in clinical research.
Olaf M DekkersKristina LaugesenRolf H H GroenwoldPublished in: European journal of endocrinology (2024)
Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), or causal diagrams, are graphical representations of causal structures that can be used in medical research to understand and illustrate potential bias, including bias arising from confounding, selection, and misclassification. Further, they provide guidance for researchers about how to address a potential bias.