Immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced upper and lower tract urothelial carcinoma: a comparison of outcomes.
Stepan M EsagianAli Raza KhakiLeonidas N DiamantopoulosLucia Carril-AjuriaDaniel CastellanoIvan De KouchkovskyJoseph J ParkAjjai AlvaMehmet A BilenTyler F StewartRana R McKayVictor S SantosNeeraj AgarwalJayanshu JainYousef ZakhariaRafael Morales-BarreraMichael E DevittAriel NelsonChristopher J HoimesEvan ShreckBenjamin A GartrellAlex SankinAbhishek TripathiRoubini ZakopoulouAristotelis BamiasAlejo Rodriguez-VidaAlexandra DrakakiSandy LiuVivek KumarMark P LythgoeDavid J PinatoJure MurgicAna FröbeMonika JoshiPedro Isaacsson VelhoNoah HahnLucia Alonso BuznegoIgnacio DuranMarcus MosesPedro BarataMatthew D GalskyGuru SonpavdeEvan Y YuPavlos MsaouelVadim S KoshkinPetros GrivasPublished in: BJU international (2021)
Overall, patients with UTUC and LTUC receiving ICIs have comparable treatment response and outcomes. Subgroup analyses based on histology showed that those with mixed-histology UTUC had a lower ORR and shorter PFS compared to mixed-histology LTUC. Further studies and evaluation of molecular biomarkers can help refine patient selection for immunotherapy.