Bat Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Like Coronavirus WIV1 Encodes an Extra Accessory Protein, ORFX, Involved in Modulation of the Host Immune Response.
Lei-Ping ZengYu-Tao GaoXing-Yi GeQian ZhangCheng PengXing-Lou YangBing TanJing ChenAleksei A ChmuraPeter DaszakZheng-Li ShiPublished in: Journal of virology (2016)
Bats harbor genetically diverse SARS-like coronaviruses (SL-CoVs), and some of them have the potential for interspecies transmission. A unique open reading frame (ORFX) was identified in the genomes of two recently isolated bat SL-CoV strains (WIV1 and -16). It will therefore be critical to clarify whether and how this protein contributes to virulence during viral infection. Here we revealed that the unique ORFX is a functional gene that is involved in the modulation of the host immune response but is not essential for in vitro viral replication. Our results provide important information for further exploration of the ORFX function in the future. Moreover, the reverse genetics system we constructed will be helpful for study of the pathogenesis of this group of viruses and to develop therapeutics for future control of emerging SARS-like infections.
Keyphrases
- sars cov
- immune response
- escherichia coli
- respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- current status
- protein protein
- dendritic cells
- staphylococcus aureus
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- small molecule
- wastewater treatment
- amino acid
- toll like receptor
- biofilm formation
- working memory
- binding protein
- case report
- gene expression
- inflammatory response
- health information
- climate change
- respiratory tract
- genetic diversity