The effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on modulating innate immunity and strategies of combating inflammatory response for COVID-19 therapy.
Yiran WangMandi WuYichen LiHo Him YuenMing-Liang HePublished in: Journal of biomedical science (2022)
The global pandemic of COVID-19 has caused huge causality and unquantifiable loss of social wealth. The innate immune response is the first line of defense against SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, strong inflammatory response associated with dysregulation of innate immunity causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and death. In this review, we update the current knowledge on how SARS-CoV-2 modulates the host innate immune response for its evasion from host defense and its corresponding pathogenesis caused by cytokine storm. We emphasize Type I interferon response and the strategies of evading innate immune defense used by SARS-CoV-2. We also extensively discuss the cells and their function involved in the innate immune response and inflammatory response, as well as the promises and challenges of drugs targeting excessive inflammation for antiviral treatment. This review would help us to figure out the current challenge questions of SARS-CoV-2 infection on innate immunity and directions for future studies.
Keyphrases
- immune response
- sars cov
- inflammatory response
- respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- innate immune
- coronavirus disease
- dendritic cells
- lipopolysaccharide induced
- toll like receptor
- lps induced
- healthcare
- induced apoptosis
- oxidative stress
- cell cycle arrest
- mental health
- multidrug resistant
- signaling pathway
- current status
- stem cells
- weight gain
- combination therapy
- cancer therapy
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- adverse drug
- pi k akt
- cell therapy
- respiratory tract
- weight loss
- smoking cessation
- cell proliferation