Pulmonary and systemic responses to aerosolized lysate of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in calves.

Aerosolization of bacterial lysate stimulated an innate immune response in lungs and airways, with alveolar damage observed at higher doses. Such a stimulus could be of value for investigating the effects of inducible innate immune responses on occurrence of disease, or for evaluating how stress, drugs or genetics affect these dynamic responses of the respiratory tract.