Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in neurodegenerative dementias, prodromal syndromes and at-risk states: a systematic review of the literature.

Increasing field strength alongside targeted acquisition protocols has revealed additional metabolite changes. Most studies were small and regional metabolite differences between dementia types may not have been captured due to the predominant placement of voxels in the posterior cingulate cortex. The standard of data collection, quality control and analysis is improving due to greater consensus regarding acquisition and processing techniques. Ongoing harmonisation of techniques, creation of larger and longitudinal cohorts, and placement of MRS voxels in more diverse regions will strengthen future research.