Vitamin D deficiency in Europe: pandemic?
Kevin D CashmanKirsten G DowlingZuzana ŠkrabákováMarcela Gonzalez-GrossJara ValtueñaStefaan De HenauwLuis MorenoCamilla T DamsgaardKim F MichaelsenChristian MølgaardRolf JordeGuri GrimnesGeorge MoschonisChristina MavrogianniYannis ManiosMichael ThammGert Bm MensinkMartina RabenbergMarkus A BuschLorna CoxSarah MeadowsGail GoldbergAnn PrenticeJacqueline M DekkerGiel NijpelsStefan PilzKarin M SwartNatasja M van SchoorPaul LipsGudny EiriksdottirVilmundur GudnasonMary Frances CotchSeppo KoskinenChristel Lamberg-AllardtRamon A Durazo-ArvizuChristopher T SemposMairead KielyPublished in: The American journal of clinical nutrition (2016)
Vitamin D deficiency is evident throughout the European population at prevalence rates that are concerning and that require action from a public health perspective. What direction these strategies take will depend on European policy but should aim to ensure vitamin D intakes that are protective against vitamin D deficiency in the majority of the European population.