Sport specialisation and performance-enhancing substance use by young athletes.

Michael McNaughtonDanielle L HuntMichael O'BrienDai SugimotoWilliam P MeehanPatricia MillerAndrea Stracciolini

Published in: BMJ open sport & exercise medicine (2023)

PES use is not independently associated with sport specialisation in young athletes. Athlete sex, age, training, and sleep patterns are important factors for young athletes to consider in PES use.

Keyphrases

high school
middle aged
physical activity
sleep quality