Optimized quantitative mapping of cardiopulmonary oscillations using hyperpolarized 129 Xe gas exchange MRI: Digital phantoms and clinical evaluation in CTEPH.

Digital phantom simulations have informed an optimized keyhole reconstruction technique for gas exchange images acquired with standard 1-point Dixon parameters. Our proposed methodology enables more robust quantitative mapping of cardiogenic oscillations, potentially facilitating effective regional quantification of microvascular flow impairment in patients with pulmonary vascular diseases such as CTEPH.