3D TM-N-C Electrocatalysts with Dense Active Sites for the Membraneless Direct Methanol Fuel Cell and Zn-Air Batteries.
Xiaoting CaoRuili SongXiaoshuang ZhouXi WangXu DongNingyi YuanJianning DingPublished in: Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids (2022)
Electrocatalysts with high cost-effectiveness for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are essential for fuel cells (FC) and Zn-Air batteries (ZAB), which need highly active sites and suitable carbon substrates to accelerate the charge transfer kinetics. Herein, a simple and extensible method using ball milling and space-confinement pyrolysis is reported to prepare a series of transition metals and N-C catalysts (M-NLPC), which possess three-dimensional porous carbon substrates and dense active sites for efficient ORR. M-NLPC catalysts (especially Fe-NLPC) exhibit outstanding ORR activity with a half-wave potential ( E 1/2 , 0.88 V) in an alkaline medium, high stability, and strong methanol resistance. The M-N 4 sites are proven to be the active centers in M-NLPC by theoretical calculation, and methanol molecules are more likely to desorb than react on the Fe-N 4 sites, which is the origin of the inactivity for the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). Furthermore, Fe-NLPC was applied to membraneless alkaline direct methanol FC (DMFC) in practice, exhibiting outstanding performance. Meanwhile, the Fe-NLPC-based ZAB also shows excellent electrochemical performance.
Keyphrases
- metal organic framework
- carbon dioxide
- highly efficient
- aqueous solution
- induced apoptosis
- heavy metals
- healthcare
- primary care
- stem cells
- oxidative stress
- single cell
- visible light
- nitric oxide
- cell proliferation
- hydrogen peroxide
- cell therapy
- risk assessment
- sewage sludge
- mass spectrometry
- cell cycle arrest
- climate change
- molecularly imprinted
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- tissue engineering