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Pioneer Use of Antimalarial Transdermal Combination Therapy in Rodent Malaria Model.

Nagwa S M AlyHiroaki MatsumoriThi Quyen DinhAkira SatoShin-Ichi MiyoshiKyung-Soo ChangHak Sun YuTuan Cao DucHye-Sook Kim
Published in: Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) (2023)
We have previously reported 1,2,6,7-tetraoxaspiro [7.11]nonadecane (N-89) as a promising antimalarial compound. In this study, we evaluated the effect of transdermal therapy (tdt) of N-89 in combination (tdct) with other antimalarials as an application for children. We prepared ointment formulas containing N-89 plus another antimalarial drug, specifically, mefloquine, pyrimethamine, or chloroquine. In a 4-day suppressive test, the ED 50 values for N-89 alone or combined with either mefloquine, pyrimethamine, or chloroquine were 18, 3, 0.1, and 3 mg/kg, respectively. Interaction assays revealed that N-89 combination therapy showed a synergistic effect with mefloquine and pyrimethamine, but chloroquine provoked an antagonistic effect. Antimalarial activity and cure effect were compared for single-drug application and combination therapy. Low doses of tdct N-89 (35 mg/kg) combined with mefloquine (4 mg/kg) or pyrimethamine (1 mg/kg) gave an antimalarial effect but not a cure effect. In contrast, with high doses of N-89 (60 mg/kg) combined with mefloquine (8 mg/kg) or pyrimethamine (1 mg/kg), parasites disappeared on day 4 of treatment, and mice were completely cured without any parasite recurrence. Our results indicated that transdermal N-89 with mefloquine and pyrimethamine provides a promising antimalarial form for application to children.
Keyphrases
  • plasmodium falciparum
  • combination therapy
  • emergency department
  • young adults
  • stem cells
  • mesenchymal stem cells
  • bone marrow
  • high throughput
  • adverse drug