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Botulinum toxin injections for the treatment of neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome: A systematic review.

Tyler T WoodworthAustin LeCampbell MillerAaron CongerMark A MahanDaniel M Cushman
Published in: Muscle & nerve (2024)
Botulinum toxin (BTX) injections into the musculature surrounding the brachial plexus have been examined as a potential treatment for neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (nTOS). This systematic review identified 15 publications, of which one was a randomized controlled trial. BTX injections performed with ultrasound or electromyographic guidance, and with the inclusion of the pectoralis minor muscle, in addition to the anterior and/or middle scalenes, tended to provide greater symptom improvement and may predict response to first rib resection. Importantly, most studies were of low quality; thus, the results should be interpreted with caution. Further high-quality studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Keyphrases
  • botulinum toxin
  • systematic review
  • spinal cord injury
  • ultrasound guided
  • spinal cord
  • platelet rich plasma
  • magnetic resonance imaging
  • meta analyses
  • skeletal muscle
  • combination therapy
  • risk assessment