Tributyrin Supplementation Rescues Chronic-Binge Ethanol-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Gut-Lung Axis in Mice.
Anthony D SantilliDavid ShapiroYingchun HanNaseer SangwanGail A M CresciPublished in: Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) (2024)
Excessive alcohol consumption increases the severity and worsens outcomes of pulmonary infections, often due to oxidative stress and tissue damage. While the mechanism behind this relationship is multifaceted, recent evidence suggests ethanol-induced changes to the gut microbiome impact the gut-lung axis. To assess this, a chronic-binge ethanol feeding mouse model was used to determine how ethanol altered the gut microbiome, small intestinal epithelial barrier, and immune responses, as well as neutrophil abundance and oxidative stress in the lungs, and how supporting gut health with tributyrin supplementation during chronic-binge ethanol exposure affected these responses. We found that ethanol consumption altered gut bacterial taxa and metabolic processes, distorted small intestinal immune responses, and induced both bacteria and endotoxin translocation into the lymphatic and circulatory systems. These changes were associated with increased neutrophil (Ly6G) presence and markers of oxidative stress, lipocalin-2 and myeloperoxidase, in the lungs. Importantly, tributyrin supplementation during ethanol exposure rescued gut bacterial function ( p < 0.05), small intestinal barrier integrity, and immune responses, as well as reducing both Ly6G mRNA ( p < 0.05) and lipocalin-2 mRNA ( p < 0.01) in the lungs. These data suggest ethanol-associated disruption of gut homeostasis influenced the health of the lungs, and that therapeutics supporting gut health may also support lung health.
Keyphrases
- oxidative stress
- immune response
- diabetic rats
- public health
- healthcare
- mouse model
- mental health
- alcohol consumption
- health information
- dna damage
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- high glucose
- dendritic cells
- drug induced
- lymph node
- type diabetes
- adipose tissue
- social media
- hydrogen peroxide
- human health
- machine learning
- risk assessment
- endothelial cells
- physical activity
- insulin resistance
- climate change
- nitric oxide
- artificial intelligence
- wastewater treatment
- heat stress
- weight loss