Evaluation of neoadjuvant gonadotropin administration with downregulation by testosterone prior to second time microsurgical testicular sperm extraction: A prospective case-control study.

Medhat Kamel AmerHossam ElDin Hosni AhmedSameh Fayek GamalEl DinAhmed Fawzy MegawerAhmed Ragab Ahmed

Published in: Urologia (2020)

Patients who underwent first time testicular sperm extraction with unfavorable outcome due to different techniques may benefit from testosterone downregulation combined with neoadjuvant gonadotropin administration as it had shown positive sperms retrieval in 2 out of the 20 cases, especially those with hypergonadotropic azoospermia.

Keyphrases

rectal cancer
lymph node
end stage renal disease
locally advanced

cell proliferation
ejection fraction
newly diagnosed
replacement therapy

signaling pathway
prognostic factors
germ cell

internal carotid artery
patient reported outcomes
radiation therapy