The pathogenesis of cryptoglandular anal fistula: New insight into the immunological profile.

Francesco Litta Andrea PapaitDonatella LucchettiSerafina Farigu Angelo ParelloClaudio Ricciardi TenorePaola CampennìAntonietta Rosa SiliniMaria Cristina GiustinianiOrnella ParoliniAlessandro SgambatoCarlo Ratto

Published in: Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland (2022)

A combination of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and growth factors reside in the wound microenvironment of AF patients. For the first time an important prevalence of Tc17 cells and a reduction in the M1/M2 ratio was observed, thus suggesting new insights into the immunological characterization of AF patients.

Keyphrases

end stage renal disease
ejection fraction
newly diagnosed
chronic kidney disease
atrial fibrillation
prognostic factors
stem cells
induced apoptosis
risk factors
patient reported outcomes
high grade
cell proliferation
patient reported
endoplasmic reticulum stress