Association of interleukin-27 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to HIV infection and disease progression.

Interleukin-27 (IL-27) gene polymorphisms are linked to infectious disease susceptibility and IL-27 plasma level is associated with HIV infection. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between IL-27 polymorphisms and susceptibility to HIV infection and disease progression. A total of 300 patients with HIV infection (48 long-term nonprogressors and 252 typical progressors) and 300 healthy controls were genotyped for three IL-27 polymorphisms, rs17855750, rs181206, rs40837 which were performed by using multiple single nucleotide primer extension technique. Significant association was found between IL-27 rs40837 polymorphisms with susceptibility to HIV infection (AG vs AA: adjusted OR = 1.60, 95% CI, 1.11-2.30, P = 0.012; AG+GG vs AA: adjusted OR = 1.44, 95% CI, 1.02-2.03, P = 0.038) and disease progression (LTNP: AG vs AA: adjusted OR = 2.33, 95% CI, 1.13-4.80, P = 0.021; TP: AG vs AA: adjusted OR = 1.50, 95% CI, 1.04-2.24, P = 0.030). Serum IL-27 levels were significantly lower in cases compared to controls (P < 0.001). There were lower serum IL-27 levels in TPs than in LTNPs (P < 0.001). We further found that LTNPs with rs40837 AG or GG genotype had lower serum IL-27 levels than with AA genotype (P < 0.05). The CD4+ T counts in cases were significantly lower than controls (P < 0.001). In contrast, individuals with rs40837 AG genotype had lower CD4+ T counts than with AA genotype in cases (P < 0.05). In addition, CD4+ T counts in TPs were significantly lower than LTNPs (P < 0.001). IL-27 rs40837 polymorphism might influence the susceptibility to HIV infection and disease progression probably by regulating the level of serum IL-27 or the quantity of CD4+ T.