Effects of SGLT2 inhibitor on tumor-releasing chemokines/cytokines in Hep3B and Huh7 cells.

(a) Summary for SGLT2i-induced alterations in 48 chemokines/cytokines in Hep3B and Huh7 cells. (b) SGLT2i-induced changes in the medium CXCL1 level (each n  = 4). (c) SGLT2i-induced changes in the medium CXCL8 level (each n  = 4). (d) SGLT2i-induced changes in the medium CXCL10 level (each n  = 4), (e) SGLT2i-induced changes in the medium M-CSF level (each n  = 4). The SGLT2i-induced significant changes in chemokines/cytokines are expressed as the percentage of control (the mean value of the control was set as 100%). CXCL, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand; G-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; IL, interleukin; LIF, leukemia inhibitory factor; M-CSF, macrophage colony-stimulating factor; MIP-1α, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α; SDF-1α, stromal-cell-derived factor-1α; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor-α; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.